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Research

Volatiles or TIVA: Which is the standard of care for pediatric airway procedures? A pro-con discussion

This pro-con discussion examines both volatiles and TIVA, from the perspective of effectiveness, safety, cost, and environmental impact,

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Increasing diversity within the Global Lung Function Initiative

The Global Lung Function Initiative has worked to develop all‐age, multi‐ethnic reference equations for the major clinical lung function tests

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Neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 years of age after general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy

Slightly less than 1 h of general anaesthesia in early infancy does not alter neurodevelopmental outcome at age 5 years

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Statistical Analysis Plan for "An international study of isoelectric electroencephalography events in infants and young children during anesthesia for surgery"

This Statistical Analysis Plan details the statistical procedures to be applied for the analysis of data for the multicenter electroencephalography study

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Effects of adopting the new global lung function initiative 2012 reference equations on the interpretation of spirometry

The aim of this study was to document the likely interpretative effects of changing from commonly used current spirometry reference equations to the GLI2012...

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Novel end points for clinical trials in young children with cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease commences early in the disease progression and is the most common cause of mortality.

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An Official ATS/ERS Workshop Report: Evaluation of Respiratory Mechanics and Function in the Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Units

This report summarizes techniques available for ventilated and spontaneously breathing infants and children in the ICU

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Ventilatory response and stability of oxygen saturation during a hypoxic challenge in very preterm infants

Preterm infants have immature control of breathing and impaired pulmonary gas exchange. We hypothesized that infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have a blunted ventilatory response and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) instability during a hypoxic challenge.

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Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses improve resolution of genes and pathways influencing lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk

Lung-function impairment underlies chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and predicts mortality. In the largest multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of lung function to date, comprising 580,869 participants, we identified 1,020 independent association signals implicating 559 genes supported by ≥2 criteria from a systematic variant-to-gene mapping framework. These genes were enriched in 29 pathways. Individual variants showed heterogeneity across ancestries, age and smoking groups, and collectively as a genetic risk score showed strong association with COPD across ancestry groups.

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Lung volumes, gas transfer and oscillometry after preterm birth: systematic review and meta-analysis

Small airway and lung parenchymal abnormalities frequently occur following preterm birth but are commonly missed by spirometry. Static lung volumes, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D LCO) and oscillometry provide a more precise characterisation of these conditions. We hypothesised that differences in these measures exist between individuals born preterm and at term and we aimed to systematically review the literature to identify and quantify these differences in lung function.