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Concentration of food allergens in breastmilk and association with maternal factors– A systematic review

Common food allergens have been detected in breast milk with wide inter-individual variations in concentrations. As maternal factors, such as age, smoking, and body mass index have been associated with breast milk composition, we aimed to identify maternal characteristics associated with the concentration of food allergens in breast milk.

Citation:
Hughes SA, Gridneva Z, Perrella SL, Geddes DT, Palmer DJ. Concentration of food allergens in breastmilk and association with maternal factors– A systematic review. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2025;36(6). 

Keywords:
Breast milk; cow's milk; egg; food allergens; food proteins; human milk; lactation; maternal characteristics

Abstract:
Common food allergens have been detected in breast milk with wide inter-individual variations in concentrations. As maternal factors, such as age, smoking, and body mass index have been associated with breast milk composition, we aimed to identify maternal characteristics associated with the concentration of food allergens in breast milk.