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Zika Virus Changes Methylation of Genes Involved in Immune Response and Neural Development in Brazilian Babies Born With Congenital MicrocephalyThe recent increase in babies born with brain and eye malformations in Brazil is associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in utero. ZIKV alters host DNA methylation in vitro. Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiling we compared 18 babies born with congenital ZIKV microcephaly with 20 controls. We found ZIKV-associated alteration of host methylation patterns, notably at RABGAP1L which is important in brain development, at viral host immunity genes MX1 and ISG15, and in an epigenetic module containing the causal microcephaly gene MCPH1. Our data support the hypothesis that clinical signs of congenital ZIKV are associated with changes in DNA methylation.
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Linking the westernised oropharyngeal microbiome to the immune response in Chinese immigrantsHuman microbiota plays a fundamental role in modulating the immune response. Western environment and lifestyle are envisaged to alter the human microbiota with a new microbiome profile established in Chinese immigrants, which fails to prime the immune system. Here, we investigated how differences in composition of oropharyngeal microbiome may contribute to patterns of interaction between the microbiome and immune system in Chinese immigrants living in Australia.
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Epitope-Binding Characteristics for Risk versus Protective DRB1 Alleles for Visceral LeishmaniasisOur data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning the association of HLA-DRB1 alleles with risk versus protection in visceral leishmaniasis in humans
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Toxoplasma gondii infection is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in-vitroOur results show perturbation of host mitochondrial function following T. gondii infection that likely impacts on pathogenesis of disease.
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Human genetics of leishmania infectionsGWAS results provide firm confirmation for the importance of antigen presentation and the regulation of IFNγ in determining the outcome of Leishmania infections
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Comparative analyses of whole genome sequences of Leishmania infantum isolates from humans and dogs in northeastern BrazilOverall the analyses do not suggest individual sequence variants account for differences in clinical outcome or adaptation to different hosts.
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Comprehensive candidate gene analysis for symptomatic or asymptomatic outcomes of Leishmania infantum infection in BrazilOur results imply a role for IgG-mediated inflammation in determining delayed-type hypersensitivity associated with asymptomatic leishmaniasis
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Polygenic risk of ischemic stroke is associated with cognitive abilityFindings from this study indicate that even in the absence of stroke, being at high polygenic risk of ischemic stroke is associated with lower cognitive ability
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Candidate gene association study for diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes: the Candidate gene Association Resource (CARe)To investigate whether variants in cardiovascular candidate genes, some of which have been previously associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), diabetic...
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Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically...