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Adverse metabolic phenotype of adolescent girls with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease plus polycystic ovary syndrome compared with other girls and boys

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) share risk associations of adiposity and insulin resistance.

Variation in incidence of pediatric Crohn's disease in relation to latitude and ambient ultraviolet radiation: A systematic review and analysis.

In previous studies, CD incidence increased with higher geographic latitude in the Northern Hemisphere.

Does commencement of a gluten- free diet improve blood glucose control in children and young people with Type 1 Diabetes and Coeliac Disease?

If the gut becomes damaged it may not be able to process the foods that we eat as well as it used to. This may also affect how we look after diabetes.

Birth outcomes in Aboriginal mother–infant pairs from the Northern Territory, Australia, who received 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccination during pregnancy

We found a numerically higher rate of preterm births among women who received 23vPPV in pregnancy compared to unvaccinated pregnant women

An infant nasal microbial gene atlas uncovers intervention-driven microbiome shifts and salt-resistant pathogen expansion

Functional studies of how early-life interventions shape the airway microbiome remain scarce. Here, we performed metagenomic sequencing of 704 longitudinal nasal swabs from infants with and without cystic fibrosis (CF) to construct and characterize a non-redundant gene atlas of the infant nasal microbiome. We aimed to determine how the nasal microbiome is perturbed by early therapies, as CF is commonly treated with inhaled hypertonic saline to improve mucociliary clearance.

The facts

On average, a person can expect to take more than 700 million breaths in their lifetime.

Cystic Fibrosis Early Surveillance Program

Researchers are able to track the progress of lung disease through a comprehensive longitudinal set of biological samples, images and data archives.

Bacteriophage: A new therapeutic player to combat neutrophilic inflammation in chronic airway diseases

Persistent respiratory bacterial infections are a clinical burden in several chronic inflammatory airway diseases and are often associated with neutrophil infiltration into the lungs. Following recruitment, dysregulated neutrophil effector functions such as increased granule release and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) result in damage to airway tissue, contributing to the progression of lung disease.

No role for neutrophil elastase in influenza-induced cellular recruitment, cytokine production or airway hyperresponsiveness in mice

Previous studies have suggested that in vitro modulation of neutrophil chemokines and inflammatory cytokines by neutrophil elastase (NE) does not translate to t

Asbestos-related diseases

The main issues that led to the ban on asbestos in industry are those of malignancy: lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma of the pleura and of the peritoneum