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Indigenous infants in remote Australia retain an ancestral gut microbiome despite encroaching Westernization
Studies of traditional Indigenous compared to 'Western' gut microbiomes are underrepresented, and lacking in young children, limiting knowledge of early-life microbiomes in different cultural contexts. Here we analyze the gut metagenomes of 50 Indigenous Australian infants (median age
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Both Dietary Protein and Fat Increase Postprandial Glucose Excursions in Children With Type 1 DiabetesOur objective was to determine the separate and combined effects of high-protein (HP) and high-fat (HF) meals, with the same carbohydrate content, on...
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Effects of maternal n-3 fatty acid supplementation on placental cytokines, pro-resolving lipid mediators and their precursorsThe aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA during pregnancy modifies modifies placental PUFA composition...
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Dairy product consumption, dietary nutrient and energy density and associations with obesity in Australian adolescentsDairy intake is likely to influence dietary energy density (ED) and nutrient density (ND), which are factors representing aspects of dietary quality.
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Variation in Neonatal Nutrition Practice and Implications: A Survey of Australia and New Zealand Neonatal UnitsSignificant global variation exists in neonatal nutrition practice, including in assigned milk composition values, donor milk usage, fortification regimens, probiotic choice and in methods used to calculate and report nutrition and growth outcomes, making it difficult to synthesize data to inform evidence-based, standardized nutritional care that has potential to improve neonatal outcomes
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Mitochondrial mistranslation modulated by metabolic stress causes cardiovascular disease and reduced lifespanChanges in the rate and fidelity of mitochondrial protein synthesis impact the metabolic and physiological roles of mitochondria. Here we explored how environmental stress in the form of a high-fat diet modulates mitochondrial translation and affects lifespan in mutant mice with error-prone or hyper-accurate mitochondrial ribosomes. Intriguingly, although both mutations are metabolically beneficial in reducing body weight, decreasing circulating insulin and increasing glucose tolerance during a high-fat diet, they manifest divergent (either deleterious or beneficial) outcomes in a tissue-specific manner.
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Prebiotic Supplementation During Pregnancy Modifies the Gut Microbiota and Increases Metabolites in Amniotic Fluid, Driving a Tolerogenic Environment In UteroThe gut microbiota is influenced by environmental factors such as food. Maternal diet during pregnancy modifies the gut microbiota composition and function, leading to the production of specific compounds that are transferred to the fetus and enhance the ontogeny and maturation of the immune system. Prebiotics are fermented by gut bacteria, leading to the release of short-chain fatty acids that can specifically interact with the immune system, inducing a switch toward tolerogenic populations and therefore conferring health benefits.
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Effects of diurnal exercise timing on appetite, energy intake and body composition: A parallel randomized trialTo determine the effect of diurnal exercise timing on appetite, energy intake and body composition in individuals with overweight or obesity.
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The Association Between Breakfast Skipping and Positive and Negative Emotional Wellbeing Outcomes for Children and Adolescents in South AustraliaThe prevalence of child and adolescent breakfast skipping is concerning, and limited existing evidence suggests an association between skipping breakfast and negative emotional wellbeing outcomes. However, positive emotional wellbeing outcomes have been neglected from research in this space.
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Diet at birth is critical for healthy growth, independent of effects on the gut microbiotaColostrum is the first milk for a newborn. Its high content in microbiota shaping compounds and its intake at the time of gut microbiota seeding suggests colostrum may be critical in the establishment of a healthy microbiota. There is also accumulating evidence on the importance of the gut microbiota for healthy growth.