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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants younger than 1 year of age is an aggressive, high-risk subtype of childhood ALL. Infant ALL with KMT2A-r is characteristically poorly responsive to chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. New strategies, such as molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies, are in development and show promise in preclinical models and early phase studies.
These findings provide a compelling argument for efforts to reduce exposure of the brainstem in the treatment of medulloblastoma
Common food allergens have been detected in breast milk with wide inter-individual variations in concentrations. As maternal factors, such as age, smoking, and body mass index have been associated with breast milk composition, we aimed to identify maternal characteristics associated with the concentration of food allergens in breast milk.
Australia has one of the highest rates of food allergy, anaphylaxis hospital admissions and anaphylaxis fatalities worldwide. These trends and sustained advocacy prompted a 2019 Parliamentary Inquiry into Allergies and Anaphylaxis. Among 250 submissions, the Centre for Food Allergy Research called for a national research-coordinating centre and comprehensive allergy research funding.
Pregnant women are advised to take folic acid (FA) supplements before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Many women continue FA supplementation throughout pregnancy, and concerns have been raised about associations between excessive FA intake and adverse maternal and child health outcomes.
Infant growth trajectory may influence later-life obesity. Human milk provides a wide range of nutritional and bioactive components that are vital for infant growth. Compared to formula-fed infants, breastfed infants are less likely to develop later-onset obesity, highlighting the potential role of bioactive components present in human milk.
There is significant data to support the hypothesis that early life nutrition in the fetus, infant and young child can have profound effects on long-term health
Neonates, particularly those born prematurely, are exquisitely vulnerable to life-threatening infections. This increased susceptibility to infection...
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a common and important complication in children with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We describe the epidemiology of IFD in a large multicentre cohort of children with AML.
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) remains a common and serious complication in children treated for leukaemia. Antifungal prescription in children with leukaemia presents unique challenges, particularly due to variation in IFD risk between and within leukaemia treatment protocols, drug toxicities and interactions between antifungals and chemotherapeutic agents.