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This chapter outlines the evidence and evolution of RHD control programs and draws conclusions about priorities following the 2018 World Health Organization Global Resolution on rheumatic fever and RHD.

We recently reported that offspring of mice treated during pregnancy with the microbial-derived immunomodulator OM-85 manifest striking resistance to allergic airways inflammation, and localized the potential treatment target to fetal conventional dendritic cell (cDC) progenitors. Here, we profile maternal OM-85 treatment-associated transcriptomic signatures in fetal bone marrow, and identify a series of immunometabolic pathways which provide essential metabolites for accelerated myelopoiesis.

Chest CT identifies children at an early age who have adverse long-term outcomes

Implementation of lifelong ART of all HIV-infected women has the potential to improve maternal determinants of protective immunity in the young infant

This study describes predictors of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage and density in Fiji. We used data from four annual cross-sectional surveys, pre- and post-introduction of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in October 2012.

This study investigated the associations between clusters of early life risk factors and developmental vulnerability in children's first year of full-time school at age 5

We reflect on the lessons learned from a recent genome‐wide association study of rheumatic heart disease with Aboriginal Australian participants

The effects of maternal alcohol-use disorder are experienced by the majority of exposed children rather than a vulnerable subgroup of this population

Neonatal dendritic cells generated form CD34+ cord blood progenitors have a higher inflammatory potential when exposed to viral than bacterial related stimuli

Infant exposure to coal mine fire emissions could be associated with long-term impairment of lung reactance