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Skull base osteomyelitis: Fungal versus Bacterial Infection

An 18-year (1990-2007) retrospective review of patients with Skull-base osteomyelitis (SBO) presenting to Westmead Hospital was performed.

Complexity of Influenza Outbreaks during the World Youth Day 2008 Mass Gathering and its Impact on Community Seasonal Influenza Activity

How Influenza outbreaks during mass gatherings have been rarely described, and detailed virologic assessment is lacking.

WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature: Providing a common language

Aim was to standardize the names given to the antigens (allergens) that caused IgE-mediated allergies in humans

Specific IgA, but Not IgG, in Human Milk from COVID-19-Infected Mothers Neutralizes SARS-CoV-2

This study highlights the importance of human milk in providing anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunity to newborns. The highest protective activity of human milk against COVID-19 was found in colostrum from infected mothers.

Diet at birth is critical for healthy growth, independent of effects on the gut microbiota

Colostrum is the first milk for a newborn. Its high content in microbiota shaping compounds and its intake at the time of gut microbiota seeding suggests colostrum may be critical in the establishment of a healthy microbiota. There is also accumulating evidence on the importance of the gut microbiota for healthy growth.

A newborn's perspective on immune responses to food

In this review, we will highlight infants' immune responses to food, emphasizing the unique aspects of early-life immunity and the critical role of breast milk as a food dedicated to infants. Infants are susceptible to inflammatory responses rather than immune tolerance at the mucosal and skin barriers, necessitating strategies to promote oral tolerance that consider this susceptibility. 

Antibodies in breast milk: Pro-bodies designed for healthy newborn development

This manuscript sheds light on the impact of maternal breast milk antibodies on infant health. Milk antibodies prepare and protect the newborn against environmental exposure, guide and regulate the offspring's immune system, and promote transgenerational adaptation of the immune system to its environment.

Colostrum, the missing link for healthy growth

Valerie Verhasselt MD, PhD Head, Immunology and Breastfeeding 0402997617 Valerie.verhasselt@thekids.org.au Head, Immunology and Breastfeeding @

Short- versus standard-course intravenous antibiotics for peri-prosthetic joint infections managed with debridement and implant retention: a randomised pilot trial using a desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) endpoint

Peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of joint replacement surgery. Determining the optimal duration of intravenous (IV) antibiotics for PJI managed with debridement and implant retention (DAIR) is a research priority.

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a 2 g subcutaneous dose of ceftriaxone as an alternative to intravenous delivery

Subcutaneous delivery of antibiotics is a practical alternative to intravenous administration. Ceftriaxone is commonly used for a variety of infections with limited data on the safety and pharmacokinetics of a 2 g subcutaneous dose. This was a prospective, self-controlled cross-over study in 20 stable inpatients receiving ceftriaxone for their infection. Following an intravenous dose, participants received a single dose of 2 g subcutaneous ceftriaxone, in 50 mL normal saline via gravity feed.