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Host-dependent resistance of Group A Streptococcus to sulfamethoxazole mediated by a horizontally-acquired reduced folate transporterDescribed antimicrobial resistance mechanisms enable bacteria to avoid the direct effects of antibiotics and can be monitored by in vitro susceptibility testing and genetic methods. Here we describe a mechanism of sulfamethoxazole resistance that requires a host metabolite for activity.
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Normal values of respiratory oscillometry in South African children and adolescentsNoninvasive measurement of respiratory impedance by oscillometry can be used in young children aged from 3 years and those unable to perform forced respiratory manoeuvres. It can discriminate between healthy children and those with respiratory disease. However, its clinical application is limited by the lack of reference data for African paediatric populations. The aim of the present study was to develop reference equations for oscillometry outcomes in South African children and adolescents.
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Early life predictors of obstructive sleep apnoea in young adults: Insights from a longitudinal community cohort (Raine study)Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases the risk of perioperative adverse events in children. While polysomnography (PSG) remains the reference standard for OSA diagnosis, oximetry is a valuable screening tool. The traditional practice is the manual analysis of desaturation clusters derived from a tabletop device using the McGill oximetry score. However, automated analysis of wearable oximetry data can be an alternative. This study investigated the accuracy of wrist-worn oximetry with automated analysis as a preoperative OSA screening tool.
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Increasing airway obstruction through life following bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a meta-analysisFew studies exist investigating lung function trajectories of those born preterm; however growing evidence suggests some individuals experience increasing airway obstruction throughout life. Here we use the studies identified in a recent systematic review to provide the first meta-analysis investigating the impact of preterm birth on airway obstruction measured by the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio.
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A prospective audit of pain profiles following general and urological surgery in childrenTo determine the duration and severity of acute postoperative pain experienced by children undergoing 8 different general and urological procedures.
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The effect of endotracheal tubes versus laryngeal mask airways on perioperative respiratory adverse events in infants: A randomised controlled trialEvaluating the difference of the effects of Laryngeal mask airways compared to endotracheal tubes in older children (>1 year) in incidents of PRAE in infants.
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Early lung surveillance of cystic fibrosis: what have we learnt?Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) provides an opportunity to commence management and therapeutic interventions significantly earlier
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Respiratory function and symptoms in young preterm children in the contemporary eraPreterm children have worse lung function than healthy controls
Research into the potential health impacts of vaping is starting to back up concerns that electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are not as benign as many people think.
Research
Lung function changes in children exposed to mine fire smoke in infancyChronic, low-intensity air pollution exposure has been consistently associated with reduced lung function throughout childhood. However, there is limited research regarding the implications of acute, high-intensity air pollution exposure. We aimed to determine whether there were any associations between early life exposure to such an episode and lung growth trajectories.