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Research

Prebiotics: mechanisms and preventive effects in allergy

In this review, we describe both the mechanisms and the therapeutic evidence from preclinical and clinical studies exploring the role of prebiotics in allergy prevention

Research

Preterm birth: Born too soon for the developing airway epithelium

This review examines the consequences of preterm birth on the airway epithelium and explores the clinical relevance of currently available models

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Impact of Childhood Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nonnotified Clinically Suspected Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Australia

This study provides a quantitative estimate of the total burden of invasive pneumococcal disease preventable by vaccination programs in Australia

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The pervasive effects of timing of parental mental health disorders on adolescent deliberate self-harm risk

This study shows that timing is important for understanding intergenerational transmission of deliberate self-harm risk

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Exposure to Solar UVR Suppresses Cell-Mediated Immunization Responses in Humans: The Australian Ultraviolet Radiation and Immunity Study

Higher UVR exposure at antigen sensitization was associated with a reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity response and altered T helper type 17 kinetics

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Overcrowded housing: One of a constellation of vulnerabilities for child sexual abuse

The findings suggest that overcrowded living conditions are associated with an increased risk of sexual abuse for some children

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MicroRNA Signatures in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Effusions

These results suggest that the expression of miR-143, miR-210, and miR-200c in PE cells might provide a signature for diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma

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Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD): The importance of life-course and transgenerational approaches

With well-established evidence that early life conditions have a profound influence on lifespan and health-span, new interventional birth cohorts are examining ways to optimise health potential of individuals and communities. These are aimed at going beyond preventing disease, to the conditions that facilitate flourishing from an early age.

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Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Public Health Measures on Detections of Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children During the 2020 Australian Winter

Public health measures targeting coronavirus disease 2019 have potential to impact transmission of other respiratory viruses. We found 98.0% and 99.4% reductions in respiratory syncytial virus and influenza detections, respectively, in Western Australian children through winter 2020 despite schools reopening. Border closures have likely been important in limiting external introductions.

Research

Basic epidemiology of wellbeing among children and adolescents: A cross-sectional population level study

Wellbeing and mental health are fundamental rights of children and adolescents essential for sustainable development. Understanding the epidemiology of child and adolescent wellbeing is essential to informing population health approaches to improving wellbeing and preventing mental illness.