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Alpha-1 antitrypsin mitigates the inhibition of airway epithelial cell repair by neutrophil elastase

Free NE activity is deleterious for epithelial homeostasis and support the hypothesis that proteases in the airway contribute to CF structural lung disease

Applying spirometry phenotypes to a longitudinal cohort born very preterm

To better characterise prematurity-associated lung disease, adult spirometry phenotype classifications (obstructive lung disease, preserved ratio impaired spirometry and dysanapsis) have been applied to children born preterm. It is unknown how these phenotypes track over time.

Towards the establishment of the PREVAIL Centre, a Centre for PREcision in VAccine ImpLmentation at The Kids Research Institute Australia

Pat Tom Holt Snelling PhD, DSc, FRCPath, FRCPI, FAA BMBS DTMH GDipClinEpid PhD FRACP Emeritus Honorary Researcher Head, Infectious Disease

Marked Variation in Paediatric Problematic Severe Asthma Services Across Australia and New Zealand

Asthma affects > 10% of children in Australia and New Zealand (NZ), with up to 5% of those having severe disease, presenting a management challenge. We aimed to survey tertiary paediatric respiratory services across Australia and NZ using a custom-designed questionnaire, to conduct a cross-sectional observational study of the numbers of children with problematic severe asthma seen, the number treated with biologic therapy, outpatient clinic/multidisciplinary team services available, investigations and tools routinely used and approaches utilised for transition to adult care.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies three new risk loci for atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a commonly occurring chronic skin disease with high heritability. Apart from filaggrin (FLG), the genes influencing atopic...

Effectiveness of Palivizumab in Preventing RSV Hospitalization in High Risk Children: A Real-World Perspective

This review supports the recommended use of palivizumab for reducing RSV-associated hospitalisation rates in premature babies born at gestational age <33 weeks.

Stability Considerations for Bacteriophages in Liquid Formulations Designed for Nebulization

Pulmonary bacterial infections present a significant health risk to those with chronic respiratory diseases including cystic fibrosis and chronic-obstructive pulmonary disease. With the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, novel therapeutics are desperately needed to combat the emergence of resistant superbugs.

Randomised controlled trials in cystic fibrosis: What, when and how?

The major morbidity and mortality from cystic fibrosis (CF) comes from progressive lung disease with bronchiectasis leading to respiratory failure

Intrauterine growth restriction predisposes to airway inflammation without disruption of epithelial integrity in postnatal male mice

Evidence from animal models demonstrate that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) alters airway structure and function which may affect susceptibility to disease. Airway inflammation and dysregulated epithelial barrier properties are features of asthma which have not been examined in the context of IUGR.

Associate Professor Lea-Ann Kirkham

Co-Head, Bacterial Respiratory Infectious Disease Group; Microbiology Lead, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines & Infectious Diseases