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Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy is associated with distinct changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiomeThe gut microbiome changes in response to a range of environmental conditions, life events and disease states. Pregnancy is a natural life event that involves major physiological adaptation yet studies of the microbiome in pregnancy are limited and their findings inconsistent. Pregnancy with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with increased maternal and fetal risks but the gut microbiome in this context has not been characterized. By whole metagenome sequencing, we defined the taxonomic composition and function of the gut bacterial microbiome across 70 pregnancies, 36 in women with T1D.
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From program suspension to the pandemic: A qualitative examination of Australia's vaccine pharmacovigilance system over 10 yearsIn 2010, the Australian seasonal influenza vaccination program for children under 5 years of age was suspended due to an unexpected increase in fever and febrile convulsions causally associated with one particular influenza vaccine brand. A subsequent national review made seven recommendations to improve vaccine pharmacovigilance.
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Evaluation of focus and deep learning methods for automated image grading and factors influencing image quality in adaptive optics ophthalmoscopyAdaptive optics flood illumination ophthalmoscopy (AO-FIO) is an established imaging tool in the investigation of retinal diseases. However, the clinical interpretation of AO-FIO images can be challenging due to varied image quality. Therefore, image quality assessment is essential before interpretation.
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Early introduction of food reduces food allergy – Pro and ConWhen an infant is developmentally ready, a variety of nutritious foods should be introduced including the ‘more allergenic’ foods during infancy
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Crowding and other strong predictors of upper respiratory tract carriage of otitis media-relatedWe investigated predictors of nasopharyngeal carriage in Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children.
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Sex-specific associations between umbilical cord blood testosterone levels and language delay in early childhoodPreliminary evidence suggests that prenatal testosterone exposure may be associated with language delay.
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Duration of breast-feeding and language ability to middle childhoodThere is controversy over whether increased breast-feeding duration has long-term benefits for language development.
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Prolonged use of wind or brass instruments does not alter lung function in musiciansRespiratory function impacts on musical expression for wind/brass (W/B) musicians. Investigation of musicians' respiratory health to date has rarely...
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Rett Syndrome: Revised diagnostic criteria and nomenclatureThe purpose of this work was to revise and clarify 2002 consensus criteria for the diagnosis of RTT in anticipation of treatment trials.
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Children's language development 0-9 years. In Growing up in Australia:Language development is one of the most important developmental accomplishments of early childhood and is the foundation for literacy, educational...