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Lung recruitment before surfactant administration in extremely preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (IN-REC-SUR-E): a randomised, unblinded, controlled trial

The importance of lung recruitment before surfactant administration has been shown in animal studies. Well designed trials in preterm infants are absent. We aimed to examine whether the application of a recruitment manoeuvre just before surfactant administration, followed by rapid extubation (intubate-recruit-surfactant-extubate [IN-REC-SUR-E]), decreased the need for mechanical ventilation during the first 72 h of life compared with no recruitment manoeuvre (ie, intubate-surfactant-extubate [IN-SUR-E]).

Lung function testing in preschool-aged children with cystic fibrosis in the clinical setting

This study investigated the nature and prevalence of atypical pain responses in Rett syndrome and their relationships with specific MECP2 mutations.

Asbestos-related disease

Inhalation of airborne asbestos fibres causes several diseases. These include asbestosis, lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma as well as pleural effusion...

Developing clinical predictors of disease progression in children with neuromuscular disorders to prevent future respiratory failure

Graham Hall BAppSci PhD CRFS FANZSRS FThorSoc FERS Honorary Research Associate Honorary Research Associate Professor Graham Hall is an

Epithelial Drivers of Neutrophil Plasticity in Early Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease

Hallmarks of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease include bronchiectasis, airway inflammation by infiltrating polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and recurring infection.

The effect of CFTR modulators on structural lung disease in cystic fibrosis

Newly developed quantitative chest computed tomography (CT) outcomes designed specifically to assess structural abnormalities related to cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease are now available. CFTR modulators potentially can reduce some structural lung abnormalities. We aimed to investigate the effect of CFTR modulators on structural lung disease progression using different quantitative CT analysis methods specific for people with CF (PwCF).

Time to get serious about the detection and monitoring of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis

Structural and functional defects within the lungs of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are detectable soon after birth and progress throughout preschool years often without overt clinical signs or symptoms. By school age, most children have structural changes such as bronchiectasis or gas trapping/hypoperfusion and lung function abnormalities that persist into later life. Despite improved survival, gains in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) achieved across successive birth cohorts during childhood have plateaued, and rates of FEV1 decline in adolescence and adulthood have not slowed. This suggests that interventions aimed at preventing lung disease should be targeted to mild disease and commence in early life.

The Contribution of Geogenic Particulate Matter to Lung Disease in Indigenous Children

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between dust levels and health in Indigenous children in Western Australia

Interleukin-1 is associated with inflammation and structural lung disease in young children with cystic fibrosis

Our data associates IL-1α with early structural lung damage in CF and suggests this pathway as a novel anti-inflammatory target

CrossTalk opposing view: Mucosal acidification does not drive early progressive lung disease in cystic fibrosis

Whether airway mucosal acidification drives early progressive lung disease is controversial