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Increased CTLA-4+ T cells may contribute to impaired T helper type 1 immune responses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseChronic inflammation may expand sub-populations of T cells expressing CTLA-4 in COPD patients and therefore impair T-cell function
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New Opportunities for Evidence in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum DisorderRecent research, using objective 3-dimensional facial imaging, has found differences between the facial shape of individuals with FAS and the facial shape of individuals without FAS or with partial FAS
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The 2015 Middle Childhood Survey (MCS) of mental health and well-being at age 11 years in an Australian population cohortmost children report mental health and well-being, but the population distribution spanned the full range of possible scores on every construct.
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The role of preschool quality in promoting child development: evidence from rural IndonesiaThis article examines the relationship between preschool quality and children’s early development in a sample of over 7900 children enrolled in 578 preschools in rural Indonesia.
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Vaccine hesitancy, refusal and access barriers: The need for clarity in terminologyWe propose more precision in the term 'vaccine hesitancy' is needed particularly since much under-vaccination arises from factors related to access
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Antibiotic duration and timing of the switch from intravenous to oral route for bacterial infections in children: systematic review and guidelinesSystematic review of antibiotic duration and timing of intravenous to oral switch for paediatric infectious diseases and evidence-graded recommendations
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Protective benefit of predominant breastfeeding against otitis media may be limited to early childhood: results from a prospective birth cohort studyOur findings are in line with a number of epidemiological studies which show a positive association between breastfeeding and OM in early childhood
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Impact of adolescent peer aggression on later educational and employment outcomes in an Australian cohortThis study used prospective birth cohort data to analyse the relationship between peer aggression at 14 years of age and educational and employment outcomes...
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Evolution, Evidence and Effect of Secondary Prophylaxis Against Rheumatic FeverThe association between group A streptococcal infection and rheumatic fever (RF) was established in the early 20th century.
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Assessment of cardiometabolic risk in children in population studies: underpinning developmental origins of health and disease mother–offspring cohort studiesPregnancy and birth cohorts have been utilised extensively to investigate the developmental origins of health and disease, particularly in relation to...